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What are the classification methods for adhesives?
Release time:
2016-09-30
There are numerous types of adhesives, each with different compositions and therefore varying applications. Consequently, there are many different ways to classify them. So, what are the main classification methods? ?
1. Classified by morphology
Adhesives can be classified according to their physical form as follows: aqueous solution type, solution type, emulsion (latex) type, solvent-free type, solid type, as well as paste and putty types.
2. Classified by chemical composition
1) Inorganic adhesives: include silicates, phosphates, borates, ceramics, and low-melting-point metals.
2) Organic Adhesives: These include both natural and synthetic types. Natural adhesives encompass starch-based, protein-based, natural resin-based, natural rubber-based, and asphalt-based adhesives; synthetic adhesives include resin-based, rubber-based (including chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, polysulfide rubber, carboxylated rubber, silicone rubber, and thermoplastic rubber), and composite adhesives. Among the resin-based adhesives, there are thermoplastic types (such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetal, polyacrylate, cellulose-based, saturated polyester, and polyurethane) and thermosetting types (such as urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, phenol-formaldehyde resin, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin, epoxy resin, and unsaturated polyester).
3. Classified by Source
Adhesives can be classified, according to their origin, into natural adhesives and synthetic adhesives. The former—including animal glues such as those derived from skin, bone, and blood, as well as plant-based adhesives like starch, natural rubber, and rosin glue—are all natural adhesives that have been developed and used for thousands of years. However, their strength is not ideal. The latter emerged at the beginning of this century with the advent of synthetic polymers; they boast superior performance and have given rise to a wide range of cost-effective, high-volume products—such as urea-formaldehyde, phenol-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, polyvinyl acetate emulsions, synthetic rubber latexes, and polyacrylate adhesives—as well as numerous specialty formulations with diverse and unique properties. These synthetic adhesives have now been widely adopted and promoted.
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